Abstract

This article provides a comprehensive overview of Butyl Carbitol, a chemical compound with the CAS number 112-34-5. It delves into the properties of Butyl Carbitol, including its physical and chemical characteristics, and explores its wide range of applications across various industries. The article discusses its use in pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and as a solvent, highlighting its unique properties that make it a versatile and valuable chemical.

Introduction to Butyl Carbitol

Butyl Carbitol, also known as 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, is a colorless, volatile liquid with a mild, characteristic odor. It is a member of the carbitol family, which includes various diols with a carbon chain of two to six carbons. Butyl Carbitol is widely used due to its unique properties, such as its high solvating power, low toxicity, and ability to form azeotropes with water. This article aims to provide a detailed exploration of its properties and applications.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Butyl Carbitol has several distinct physical and chemical properties that contribute to its versatility. It has a boiling point of approximately 202°C and a melting point of around -50°C. Its molecular formula is C4H10O2, and it has a molecular weight of 90.14 g/mol. Butyl Carbitol is soluble in water, alcohol, and most organic solvents, which makes it an excellent solvent for various applications.

Chemically, Butyl Carbitol is a diol, meaning it has two hydroxyl (-OH) groups. These hydroxyl groups make it a strong base and a weak acid, which allows it to participate in various chemical reactions. Additionally, Butyl Carbitol can form azeotropes with water, which is a mixture that boils at a temperature different from that of its individual components. This property is particularly useful in distillation processes.

Applications in Pharmaceuticals

Butyl Carbitol is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry due to its ability to dissolve a wide range of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). It is often used as a solvent in the formulation of injectable drugs, where its low toxicity and high solvating power are crucial. Furthermore, Butyl Carbitol can improve the stability and shelf life of pharmaceutical products by acting as a stabilizer.

In addition to its use as a solvent, Butyl Carbitol is also employed in the synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates. It can react with various chemicals to produce compounds that are essential for the production of drugs. For example, Butyl Carbitol can be used to synthesize esters, ethers, and amides, which are common functional groups in pharmaceuticals.

Applications in Agriculture

In agriculture, Butyl Carbitol serves as a key ingredient in the formulation of herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides. Its ability to dissolve a wide range of active ingredients makes it an ideal solvent for these products. Moreover, Butyl Carbitol can enhance the efficacy of agricultural chemicals by improving their distribution and absorption on plant surfaces.

Additionally, Butyl Carbitol is used in the formulation of plant growth regulators and biostimulants. These products help optimize plant growth and development, leading to increased crop yields and improved quality. The unique properties of Butyl Carbitol, such as its low toxicity and high solvating power, make it a preferred choice for these applications.

Applications as a Solvent

Butyl Carbitol is a highly effective solvent in various industries, including the production of paints, inks, and adhesives. Its ability to dissolve a wide range of organic and inorganic compounds makes it an excellent choice for formulating these products. Furthermore, Butyl Carbitol can improve the performance of these materials by enhancing their durability and adhesion.

In the electronics industry, Butyl Carbitol is used as a solvent for cleaning and degreasing purposes. Its low toxicity and high solvating power make it a safe and effective choice for removing contaminants from electronic components. Additionally, Butyl Carbitol is used in the production of batteries, where it helps improve the conductivity and stability of the electrolyte.

Environmental and Health Considerations

While Butyl Carbitol is a valuable chemical with numerous applications, it is important to consider its environmental and health impacts. The compound is classified as a hazardous substance, and its use must be carefully managed to minimize potential risks. Proper handling, storage, and disposal practices are essential to ensure the safety of workers and the environment.

In terms of health, Butyl Carbitol is considered moderately toxic. It can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory system. Therefore, it is crucial to use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) when handling this chemical. Additionally, exposure to high concentrations of Butyl Carbitol can lead to more severe health effects, such as central nervous system depression.

Conclusion

Butyl Carbitol, with its CAS number 112-34-5, is a versatile and valuable chemical with a wide range of applications across various industries. Its unique properties, such as high solvating power, low toxicity, and ability to form azeotropes with water, make it an excellent choice for use in pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and as a solvent. However, it is important to consider the environmental and health impacts of its use and to implement appropriate safety measures to mitigate potential risks.

Keywords: Butyl Carbitol, CAS 112-34-5, properties, applications, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, solvent, environmental, health.