Abstract

This article provides a comprehensive overview of 1,6-Hexanediol, a chemical with the CAS number 629-11-8. It delves into its chemical properties, applications, production methods, safety considerations, environmental impact, and regulatory status. By exploring these aspects, the article aims to offer a detailed understanding of this chemical and its significance in various industries.

Introduction to 1,6-Hexanediol

1,6-Hexanediol, also known as hexanedial, is a colorless, odorless, and slightly soluble organic compound with the chemical formula C6H12O2. It is classified as a diol due to the presence of two hydroxyl groups (-OH) in its molecular structure. This compound is widely used in the production of polyesters, plastics, and other industrial applications. In this article, we will explore the various aspects of 1,6-Hexanediol, including its chemical properties, production, and applications.

Chemical Properties of 1,6-Hexanediol

1,6-Hexanediol is a linear aliphatic diol, which means it consists of a chain of six carbon atoms with two hydroxyl groups attached. The presence of these hydroxyl groups makes it a versatile chemical that can undergo various reactions, such as esterification, etherification, and polycondensation. The molecular weight of 1,6-Hexanediol is 116.16 g/mol, and it has a melting point of approximately 60°C and a boiling point of around 243°C. Its density is 1.028 g/cm³ at 20°C, and it is slightly soluble in water, with a solubility of about 2.5 g/100 mL at 20°C.

Production Methods of 1,6-Hexanediol

The production of 1,6-Hexanediol primarily involves the hydrolysis of adipic acid, which is derived from the oxidation of hexane. The process can be summarized as follows:

1. Hexane is oxidized to adipic acid using nitric acid or permanganate salts.
2. Adipic acid is then hydrolyzed to produce 1,6-Hexanediol in the presence of a base, such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
3. The resulting 1,6-Hexanediol is purified through distillation and other separation techniques.

This process is energy-intensive and requires careful control of reaction conditions to ensure high yields and purity of the final product.

Applications of 1,6-Hexanediol

1,6-Hexanediol is a key intermediate in the production of polyesters, which are used in a wide range of applications, including textiles, packaging materials, and engineering plastics. Some of the primary applications of 1,6-Hexanediol include:

- Production of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) for bottles, fibers, and films.
- Formation of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) for electrical and electronic components.
- Synthesis of polyurethane foams for insulation and cushioning.

In addition to its role in polymer production, 1,6-Hexanediol is also used in the manufacturing of adhesives, coatings, and lubricants.

Safety Considerations

1,6-Hexanediol is considered a hazardous chemical, and appropriate safety measures must be taken when handling it. The substance is harmful if inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through the skin. It can cause irritation to the respiratory system, eyes, and skin. In case of exposure, immediate medical attention should be sought. The substance is also flammable, and precautions should be taken to prevent ignition.

Environmental Impact

The production and use of 1,6-Hexanediol have environmental implications. The process of producing adipic acid from hexane involves the release of greenhouse gases and other pollutants. Additionally, the disposal of 1,6-Hexanediol and its derivatives can pose a risk to aquatic ecosystems. Efforts are being made to develop more sustainable production methods and to minimize the environmental impact of this chemical.

Regulatory Status

1,6-Hexanediol is subject to various regulations and standards, depending on the country and the specific application. In the European Union, it is classified as a hazardous substance under the Classification, Labelling, and Packaging (CLP) Regulation. In the United States, it is regulated under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standards.

Conclusion

1,6-Hexanediol, with the CAS number 629-11-8, is a versatile chemical with significant applications in the production of polyesters and other industrial products. Understanding its chemical properties, production methods, applications, safety considerations, environmental impact, and regulatory status is crucial for those involved in its manufacturing and use. By addressing these aspects, we can ensure the safe and sustainable use of this chemical in various industries.

Keywords: 1,6-Hexanediol, CAS 629-11-8, chemical properties, production methods, applications, safety, environmental impact, regulatory status.