**2-Phenoxyethanol CAS#122-99-6: A Comprehensive Guide**

**Abstract:**
This comprehensive guide provides an in-depth analysis of 2-phenoxyethanol (CAS#122-99-6), a widely used chemical compound. The article delves into its chemical properties, applications, safety considerations, environmental impact, regulatory status, and future prospects. By examining these aspects, readers will gain a thorough understanding of the compound's significance and potential implications in various industries.

1. Introduction to 2-Phenoxyethanol

2-Phenoxyethanol, also known as phenyl cellosolve, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C8H10O2. It is a colorless, slightly viscous liquid with a sweet, pleasant odor. This compound is commonly used as a solvent, preservative, and fragrance in a wide range of products, including cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and industrial applications.

2. Chemical Properties

2.1 Molecular Structure

The molecular structure of 2-phenoxyethanol consists of a phenyl group attached to an ethoxy group. This structure gives the compound its unique properties, such as solubility in water and organic solvents, and its ability to act as a preservative.

2.2 Physical Properties

2-Phenoxyethanol has a boiling point of approximately 245°C and a melting point of -25°C. It is soluble in water, alcohol, and ether, making it a versatile solvent for various applications. Its density is slightly higher than that of water, and it has a refractive index of 1.515.

2.3 Chemical Stability

2-Phenoxyethanol is stable under normal conditions and does not readily decompose. However, it can react with strong oxidizing agents, leading to the formation of phenoxyacetic acid. It is also susceptible to hydrolysis under acidic or basic conditions.

3. Applications

3.1 Cosmetics and Personal Care Products

In the cosmetics industry, 2-phenoxyethanol is used as a preservative and solvent in products such as creams, lotions, and shampoos. Its ability to prevent microbial growth makes it an essential ingredient in maintaining product shelf life.

3.2 Pharmaceutical Applications

2-Phenoxyethanol is also used in pharmaceuticals as a solvent and preservative. It is commonly found in injectable solutions, eye drops, and nasal sprays. Its compatibility with various drugs and its low toxicity make it a preferred choice in the industry.

3.3 Industrial Applications

In industrial settings, 2-phenoxyethanol serves as a solvent for paints, inks, and adhesives. It is also used as a coupling agent in the production of polymers and as a stabilizer in the manufacturing of rubber products.

4. Safety Considerations

4.1 Health Hazards

Although 2-phenoxyethanol is considered relatively safe, it can cause skin and eye irritation upon contact. Inhalation of its vapors may lead to respiratory distress. It is also toxic if ingested, and prolonged exposure can result in organ damage.

4.2 Environmental Impact

2-Phenoxyethanol is biodegradable, but its environmental impact is still a concern. It can accumulate in aquatic organisms and may cause harm to aquatic life. Proper disposal and handling of the compound are essential to minimize its environmental impact.

4.3 Regulatory Status

The use of 2-phenoxyethanol is regulated by various agencies, including the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Union's Cosmetic Regulation. These agencies have established guidelines for its safe use in consumer products.

5. Environmental Impact

5.1 Aquatic Toxicity

2-Phenoxyethanol has been shown to be toxic to aquatic organisms, including fish and algae. Its acute toxicity can lead to the death of these organisms, while chronic exposure may result in reproductive and developmental issues.

5.2 Biodegradability

Although 2-phenoxyethanol is biodegradable, its breakdown rate is relatively slow. This can lead to the accumulation of the compound in the environment, potentially causing long-term ecological damage.

5.3 Waste Management

Proper waste management is crucial to minimize the environmental impact of 2-phenoxyethanol. Industries using the compound should ensure that it is disposed of in accordance with local regulations and guidelines.

6. Regulatory Status and Future Prospects

6.1 Current Regulations

The regulatory status of 2-phenoxyethanol varies by country and application. In the United States, it is considered safe for use in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, while in the European Union, it is subject to specific concentration limits.

6.2 Future Prospects

As concerns about environmental and health impacts grow, the future use of 2-phenoxyethanol may be influenced by stricter regulations. Researchers are exploring alternative compounds with similar properties but lower environmental and health risks.

6.3 Industry Trends

The demand for 2-phenoxyethanol is expected to grow in the coming years, driven by its wide range of applications. However, the industry must adapt to changing regulations and consumer preferences by developing more sustainable and safer alternatives.

**Conclusion:**
2-Phenoxyethanol (CAS#122-99-6) is a versatile compound with numerous applications in various industries. Its chemical properties, safety considerations, environmental impact, and regulatory status are crucial factors to consider in its use. As the industry evolves, it is essential to balance the benefits of 2-phenoxyethanol with the need for sustainable and safe practices. This comprehensive guide provides a foundation for understanding the compound's significance and potential implications in the future.